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Gestational diabetes affects around 7–10% of all pregnancies worldwide, and many expecting mothers worry about whether or not it is genetic. The answer is a bit complicated. While gestational diabetes cannot be caused by one single gene, some risk factors can make it more likely for a pregnant woman to develop the condition. In this article, we will attempt to explain the genetic side of things and touch upon some other modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), or gestational diabetes, is diabetes or any degree of glucose intolerance first developed/recognized during pregnancy.
GDM occurs due to a combination of resistance to insulin (a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels) and an inability of the body to produce enough insulin to meet the increased demands during pregnancy.
Typically, those affected with GDM do not have diabetes before they are pregnant, and in most cases, the blood sugar levels return to normal soon after the baby is born.
However, there’s a 30-70% chance of GDM recurring in subsequent pregnancies.
The worldwide prevalence of GDM is increasing due to some factors:
Despite GDM being the most common medical complication in pregnancy, there's no universal screening or diagnostic approach for this condition.
In most cases, GDM doesn’t have any noticeable symptoms and is diagnosed through routine pregnancy screening.
However, this condition can lead to many severe complications if left untreated.
Our genes affect not just our eye color and height but also the likelihood of developing many health conditions, from type 2 diabetes to Alzheimer's. Many genes come together to interact with our environment and lifestyle to modify the risk. At Xcode Life, you can upload your existing DNA raw data from ancestry genetic tests to understand your genetic health risk so that you can modify your lifestyle to lower the risk. Learn more.
Many past and present studies are trying to answer the question, “Why do some people develop GDM while others don’t.”
Studies report that the risk for GDM is associated with certain genetic changes that also influence type 2 diabetes risk.
This makes sense since insulin resistance is an important causative factor in both.
This also explains the increased risk for type 2 diabetes in people who have had GDM.
Further, research also suggests that the adverse outcomes in infants due to GDM may also have a genetic basis.
A glucose sensor gene called the GCK gene plays an important role in this.
The body cannot effectively recognize high blood sugar levels in those with mutations in this gene, and those harboring these mutations have a higher GDM risk.
Research shows that GDM due to GCK gene mutations is associated with changes in the infants’ birth weight.
| GENE | FUNCTION |
| Insulin receptor substrate 1 - IRS1 | Regulates insulin-signaling - influences glucose uptake by fat and muscle cells |
| Insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 - IGF2BP2 | Regulates insulin secretion |
| CDK5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1 like-1 - CDKAL1 | Function unknown; pregnant women in CDKAL1 mutation have a certain degree of impairment in insulin secretion |
| Glucokinase - GCK | Stimulates pancreatic β cells, and liver cells for insulin secretion |
| Transcription factor 7-like 2 - TCF7L2 | Regulates signaling pathways associated with insulin secretion. Mutations can result in reduced insulin secretion |
| Melatonin receptor 1B - MTNR1B | Circadian rhythm regulator; mutations in this gene associated with increased blood glucose levels and type 2 diabetes |
| Potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member 11 - KCNJ11 | Potassium channel regulator; mutations in this gene are a well-established cause of neonatal diabetes mellitus |
| Potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like subfamily, member 1 - KCNQ1 | Voltage-gated potassium channel; involved in the regulation of insulin secretion |
| Glucokinase regulator -GCKR | Regulatory protein that inhibits activation of liver and pancreatic cells for insulin secretion |
| Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α - HNF4A | Mutation in this gene is associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) |
| Solute carrier family 30 member 8 - SLC30A8 | Is expressed only in the pancreas and is related to insulin secretion |
| Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ - PPARG | Regulates fat cell differentiation and maintains glucose levels |
| Fat mass and obesity-associated gene - FTO | Involved in the regulation of fat mass and fat growth and body weight |
It’s important to know that having these gene changes (mutations) doesn’t guarantee that you’ll develop GDM or type 2 diabetes.
They increase your risk for these conditions, which can be reduced through lifestyle choices like adopting a balanced diet and regular exercise regimen.
Having this genetic risk information at hand can help doctors develop better screening measures for GDM and provide optimal treatment options.
It can also help healthcare professionals suggest suitable interventions that can be followed by anyone with a high risk for GDM and possibly avert it.
A family history of diabetes can increase your risk for type 2 diabetes and GDM.
According to studies, those with close family relatives who have type 2 diabetes are more likely to have GDM.
Having a parent with type 2 diabetes can put you at a 2.3x increased risk for GDM, and the risk increases to 8.4x if a sibling has type 2 diabetes.
Thus, your doctor needs to know your family history of diabetes to ensure good care during pregnancy.
GDM can strike anyone.
But certain factors can increase your risk for this condition (other than family history)
The risk for GDM increases with age; it is more profound in pregnancies after age 35.
Those with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are at a higher risk for GDM.
Being overweight and obese can significantly increase GDM risk.
GDM in previous pregnancies or delivery of a baby weighing more than 9 pounds (4.1 kilograms) can increase the risk.
People from certain races and ethnicity are at higher risk for GDM.
Compared to non-Hispanic white people, Hispanics, black non-Hispanics, and Asians have consistently been found to be at increased risk.
Certain chemicals found in everyday products like soaps, shampoos, and perfumes, including BPA, phthalates, and phenols, can contribute to GDM risk upon overexposure.
Certain compounds present in polluted air can increase blood sugar levels in pregnant women (especially fasting glucose concentrations).
Evidence suggests that factors like ambient temperature and season can influence GDM risk.
A higher prevalence of GDM has been observed in summer months - higher ambient temperature is associated with elevated glucose levels.
According to a study, lower or higher sun exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy increases GDM risk.
This increased risk was observed regardless of body weight.
Even if you have a high genetic risk for GDM, it is possible to lower it through certain measures.
A healthy diet: Be sure to include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoid processed foods and sugary drinks.
Regular exercise: A moderate amount of exercise is the key to maintaining good blood sugar levels during pregnancy.
**Certain types of workouts are advised to be avoided during pregnancy. Please seek advice from a qualified medical professional regarding exercising during pregnancy.
Glucose level monitoring: Check your levels before and after meals, as well as at bedtime.
Gestational diabetes is a rise in blood sugar levels observed during pregnancy, which typically falls to the normal range after delivery.
Genes that play a role in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, and glucose metabolism can influence gestational diabetes risk. Genetic changes that underlie type 2 diabetes can also increase the risk for gestational diabetes.
Family history is also a contributing factor to gestational diabetes. Those with family members with type 2 diabetes are at up to 8x the increased risk for GDM.
Other factors like age at pregnancy, other health conditions, ethnicity, exposure to chemicals, and climate can influence gestational diabetes risk.
It may be possible to prevent gestational diabetes with a healthy diet, regular exercise, and periodic monitoring of blood sugar levels.
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/gestational-diabetes/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7736606/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29728773
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8394229/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6882194/
https://genomemedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/gm232
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9662401/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14738023/
https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-13965-5
https://ehjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12940-020-00668-w#Abs1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6968564/
10X Health System is a company in the health and wellness sector founded in 2021 by Grant Cardone, Brandon Dawson, and Gary Brecka. It aims to enhance performance and wellness by blending traditional and novel techniques. Its popular Superhuman Protocol utilizes magnetism, oxygen, and light to promote regeneration at the cell level. Gene testing, blood testing, and supplement services further boost its portfolio. This article offers an overview of 10X Health System’s principal services, products, and the feedback received from its clientele. It presents a balanced view of its approach to improving health outcomes and the diverse experiences of those engaged with its offerings.
10X Health System is a brand that aims to increase people’s wellness by enhancing human performance.
The company claims to redefine modern medicine with its Superhuman Protocol line.
According to the Superhuman Protocol, 3 pillars can help restore your healing power:
It offers a 5-part wellness approach that includes:
The company aims to promote optimal wellness, cellular repair, restoration, and regeneration.
10X’s health testing services are similar to those available at a clinic.
They detect health markers in your blood cell count, cholesterol, blood sugar levels, and more.
These biomarkers are indicators of your body’s health and can tell you what’s off.
10X studies these biomarkers to recommend solutions to guide you toward optimal wellness.
10X Health offers two genetic testing products:
*as of 15th October 2024
These tests provide a comprehensive snapshot of an individual's well-being by analyzing actionable genes and identifying areas for improvement.
You can optimize your health through personalized supplement protocols by understanding genetic deficiencies.
Here’s how 10X Health System’s genetic testing works:
The company sends you a kit and instructions on collecting the sample at home.
Once the company receives your DNA sample, its experts review the results and provide a detailed report and recommendations.
Personal advisors help you understand your current health status and offer supplements to help improve it.
The 10X Blood Test analyzes over 70 biomarkers to provide comprehensive and personalized reports.
Three main elements highlighted in the blood are nutrient deficiency, hormone optimization, and glucose control.
The process consists of three phases:
Here’s what you can expect from their report:
10X's IV services offer essential nutrient delivery, hydration, and immune boosts through customized IV drips.
These IV treatments promise benefits like
How It Works
Besides the various testing services, 10X offers a wide range of products for customers who wish to upgrade their lifestyle and health.
10X's ultimate supplement protocol supports immune function, cognitive performance, cardiovascular health, mental clarity, and more.
They emphasize natural, high-quality ingredients to enhance overall well-being and vitality.
They offer over 10 different kinds of supplements targeted at different aspects of health:
| Supplement | Target |
| Daily Essential | Nutrition deficiencies and weight problems |
| REM-edy | Poor sleep |
| Cool. Calm. Collected. | Stress, anxiety, and blood pressure problems |
| 10X Brain Gains | Poor alertness, ADHD symptoms, and cognitive decline |
| Immuno-boost | Immunity, inflammation, and aging problems |
| Dynamic Duo | High-intensity lifestyles and blood sugar issues |
| 10X Probiotic | Unhealthy gut with bloating and indigestion |
| Magnesium | Muscle weakness, poor sleep, and anxiety |
| Zinc | Immune response, gut issues, and general healing |
| Alpha | Muscle strength and testosterone levels |
Some claimed benefits of the supplements include:
10X manufactures their supplements in FDA-compliant and GMP-certified facilities.
The Superhuman Protocol (SHP) offers a 3-step wellness program that utilizes magnetism, oxygen, and light to enhance the body's healing processes and overall well-being.
The Super Human Protocol of 10X Health Systems includes medical devices like:
The protocol offers a wide range of health benefits for the body, mind, and skin, such as:
The SHP bundle with the PEMF mat, EWOT Oxygen system, and the PBM Bed costs $133,561.
This figure doesn’t include the cost of setting up a 220-volt wall outlet for the Health Light Bed.
| Product/Service | Approximate Cost |
| Genetic Test | USD 599 and USD 1,299 |
| Blood Test | USD 599 |
| Health Supplements | USD 16 to USD 79 |
| SuperHuman Protocol Bundle | USD 133,561 |
| Merchandise | USD 18.50 to USD 180.99 |
These prices are accurate as of 15 October 2024 and are subject to change.
10X’s privacy policy mentions 11 kinds of data they collect from their users, including your name, age, email ID, approximate location, and sensitive health/genetic information.
This data helps them create a customer profile of you, which helps curate your experience on the site and the report’s content.
They may use this data for legal, targeted advertising, and commercial purposes.
Read 10X Health’s complete privacy policy here.
Reviews of 10X Health touch upon various aspects of its services, from positive to negative, depending on customer experiences.
On platforms like their website and Facebook, 10X Health has a rating of 4+/5, while most other review platforms average a 1-1.6/5 rating.
Below is a summary of the reviews and feedback found:
These ratings are as of 15 October 2024 and are subject to change.
In conclusion, 10X Health System offers advanced wellness services that some customers find beneficial for improving their health outcomes.
As with any health and wellness service, individual experiences and outcomes may vary, making it essential to weigh both the positive testimonials and the reported issues.
Users rate 10X Health products and services highly for their optimal health and performance benefits.
Here are some factors that contribute to the positive reviews of 10X Health:
However, the mixed/negative reviews regarding customer service, shipping delays, and perceived service value suggest that potential customers should carefully consider these aspects before opting for their services.
Gary Brecka recommends consuming 30 grams of protein within 30 minutes of starting your day, followed by 30 minutes of low-intensity exercise.
10X allows you to cancel your supplement subscription in two ways.
Log into their website and choose ‘Cancel Subscription’ or contact 10X’s customer service team at support@10xhealthsystem.com.
Several reputed companies offer personalized insights into your genetic data.
Xcode Life, 23andMe, AncestryDNA, FTDNA, and MyHeritage DNA are some such companies.
EmmaCare, Carium, Ciitizen, and GreenField Health are companies offering services in the health and wellness sector.
Have you ever felt a sudden pain in your upper right abdomen after a particularly stressful period? While many factors can contribute to the formation of gallstones, recent studies suggest that stress could be a potential culprit. This link between stress and gallstones raises critical questions about how our emotions impact physical health. In this article, we'll explore whether stress can cause gallstones, the mechanisms behind this relationship, and what you can do to reduce your risk.
Did You Know? You may carry certain gene changes that increase your risk for various chronic health conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and even gallstones! Learning about them can help you take actionable measures to reduce risk and possibly prevent these health conditions! Learn more:
Gallstones are hardened deposits typically made out of the digestive fluids that form in the gallbladder.
The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ just below the liver, towards the right side of your abdomen.
The size of gallstones can range from as small as a grain of sand to as big as a golf ball.
The number of stones can also vary among different people.
The typical course of treatment is gallbladder removal or cholecystectomy. However, if someone doesn’t experience symptoms, they may not require surgery.
Gallstones often do not cause any symptoms, but when they do, they can range from mild to severe. Here are some of the common symptoms of gallstones:
Bile is the digestive fluid present inside the gallbladder. Gallstones are thought to occur when there’s a chemical imbalance in the bile.
However, the reason behind the chemical imbalance is still unclear.
Two things in the bile can contribute to gallstone formation.
The following groups of people are more likely to get gallstones:
When the body is under stress, its energy is diverted from functions like digestion, so it can use all its resources to trigger the "fight-or-flight" response.
Digestion is slowed by lowering the contraction of digestive muscles and decreasing the secretion of digestive juices, like bile.
Chronic stress can result in repeated inhibition of bile release from the gallbladder, disrupting the entire biliary system.
This can increase the bile's cholesterol concentration, leading to gallstones.
Research shows diminished gallbladder emptying observed in patients with cholesterol gallstones.
Thus, chronic stress may lead to gallstone formation by affecting gallbladder emptying or bile secretion from the gallbladder.
While managing stress can help the body in numerous ways, it can particularly result in improved gut health and reduced risk of digestive troubles and gut-associated health conditions.
Here are some effective strategies to manage stress for improved gut health:
Overall, managing stress is essential for maintaining a healthy gut. Stress-reducing strategies and healthy lifestyle habits can promote better gut health and overall well-being.
Gallstones are caused when a chemical imbalance in bile (a digestive juice present in the gallbladder) causes it to crystallize and hardens, resulting in stone-like structures. Factors like a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, a sedentary lifestyle, and obesity can contribute to gallstone formation. Uncontrolled stress can also result in gallstone formation by affecting gallbladder emptying. When the body is under stress, the energy from digestion goes toward fighting stress. So, digestive juices like bile are not released from the gallbladder. This can eventually lead to a build-up of bile juice with increased cholesterol concentration, leading to gallstone formation.
A grandparent DNA test delves into your heritage, offering scientific insights into your biological connections. By examining unique DNA markers inherited through generations, these tests reveal the strength of the grandparent-grandchild relationship. Whether seeking clarity for personal reasons or needing legal validation, grandparent DNA tests provide an accurate and reliable solution for uncovering familial bonds. Keep reading to understand your genetic inheritance clearly and gain insights into the strength of your ancestral connection with your grandparents.
Grandparent DNA tests are a scientific method for establishing biological relationships between grandparents and grandchildren.
They do this by analyzing specific sections of DNA, known as markers, that are inherited and passed down through generations.
Similar to genetic fingerprints, these markers can be compared to reveal if there is a match, indicating a biological link.
According to the established principles of Mendelian inheritance, an individual inherits approximately 25% of their DNA from each grandparent.
Parents contribute 50% of their genetic material to their offspring during reproduction. Therefore, your parents inherit 50% of their DNA from each grandparent.
Subsequently, they pass down another 50% of their DNA to you. This results in an average inheritance of 25% of your genetic makeup from each grandparent.
This pattern continues across generations, with you transmitting roughly 25% of your DNA to your children, who in turn will pass on a similar proportion to their offspring.
This predictable inheritance pattern ensures a relatively consistent distribution of ancestral DNA across generations.
Grandparent DNA tests are generally very accurate, often providing definite results in many cases. However, there is a small possibility of obtaining an unclear result.
This can happen for a few reasons:
The chance of unclear results depends on who participates. If more relatives, like the child of the grandparent being tested, are involved, the test can be more precise.
For the most accurate DNA info, talk to a genetic counselor. They can give you current or up-to-date details and advice on testing.
The grandparent DNA test is performed using a test kit.
This DNA testing kit has easy-to-use mouth swabs that help collect a DNA sample from the individual.
The swab sample contains cells with the complete genetic information of the grandparent in the form of DNA.
Once the sample arrives at the laboratory, a polymerase chain reaction is performed to extract the DNA from the cells. This test amplifies the region of the cells that reveal DNA patterns.
This DNA pattern from the grandparents is then compared with that of the grandchild.
Based on this comparison, a statistical analysis is generated based on the match type. This is true for biologically related grandparent and grandchild pairs.
The analysis also gives a grandparentage index.
A legal grandparent DNA test is done for similar reasons as a legal paternity test, such as:
The DNA must be obtained from both grandparents on the biological father’s side. However, if one is unavailable, a single grandparent's DNA is acceptable.
These tests typically use buccal swabs for sample collection.
These swabs are simply cotton swabs gently rubbed on the inner cheek to collect cells.
Sometimes, you may also need to provide a blood sample.
A neutral, impartial third party usually collects the samples for a legal grandparent DNA test at a medical office, hospital, or health clinic.
The time taken to obtain the results of the grandparent DNA test depends upon the laboratory performing the test.
However, at the earliest, you can get your results in around three to five business days.
Upon order confirmation and payment receipt, a representative will arrange sample collection at a designated testing center within a vast network.
Due to the strictly maintained chain of custody, these results are legally permissible.
A grandparent DNA test is available as an at-home option.
The private at-home test kit is an option for those who wish to know if the grandparent and grandchild are biologically related before proceeding to the next step.
This test provides the same results as the legal grandparent DNA test. However, the results of this test cannot be produced for legal reasons.
At-home tests can be done with buccal swabs or saliva samples.
Once the sample is collected, you'll be required to send it back to your provider for testing.
At-home sample collection is easy and takes a few minutes. The results can take a few days to a few weeks.
Similar to legal tests, sample collection and analysis occur.
However, the results are invalid for court proceedings due to the absence of a controlled chain of custody.
Nonetheless, both legal and at-home tests tend to reveal the same genetic information.
| Legal Grandparent Test | At-home Grandparent Test | |
| Purpose | To establish biological relationships between grandparents and grandchildren | To establish biological relationship between grandparents and grandchildren |
| Legal admissibility | Admissible | Not admissible |
| Sample collection | Buccal swab or blood sample | Buccal swab or saliva sample |
| Turn-around time | Typically 3-5 days | A few days to a few weeks |
Grandchildren do not inherit DNA equally from all four grandparents.
A child’s DNA is usually shuffled between parents and grandparents by a process called recombination.
23andMe offers a new tool called the GrandTree that allows families to connect across three generations.
This tool connects grandparents and grandchildren.
23andMe’s GrandTree tool also offers a deeper insight into other relations like siblings, parents, and children.
You can now see what traits and ancestry you share with your blood relatives.
Families using 23andMe’s GrandTree tool can connect differently, bridging the gap in each generation.
Nearly 20% of adults over the age of 60 are vitamin B12 deficient. Vitamin B12 is synonymous with energy, focus, and overall well-being. While a healthy body relies on sufficient vitamin B12, food sources may be inadequate to meet the required amount. The most common treatment option for vitamin B12 deficiency is supplements. If accompanied by anemia, then injections. But did you know this essential nutrient primarily comes in two forms: methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin? Although both effectively treat B12 deficiencies, their origins and properties differ markedly. This article looks at the specific attributes of methylcobalamin vs cyanocobalamin. We aim to help you understand methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin by detailing their structures, absorption, benefits, and safety.
Methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin are two widely used forms of vitamin B12, each with unique characteristics.
The former is a natural form of B12 and is directly active in the human body, whereas the latter is a synthetic form that the body can convert into active B12.
Despite structural differences, both forms effectively treat vitamin B12 deficiencies.
Concerns about the cyanide content in cyanocobalamin are unfounded, as the amount is minimal and considered safe by scientists.
Both forms share similar recommended intake levels and health benefits, although some researchers favor cyanocobalamin due to its stability and lower cost.
Both cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin share a core structure:
The key difference lies in the molecule attached to the cobalt ion:
Both methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin combat vitamin B12 deficiencies and offer additional health benefits:
Deficiency correction:
Neurological support:
Beyond addressing deficiencies, both methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin offer promising support for nerve health.
Expert-recommended Read: Can Vitamin D And B12 Deficiency Occur Together?
Choosing the right B12 supplement depends on your needs. Here's a quick comparison of methylcobalamin (the natural form) and cyanocobalamin (the synthetic option):
Methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin differ in their absorption and retention in the body. Research suggests varying levels of absorption between the two forms:
Overall, evidence suggests differences in absorption and retention between methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin.
However, further research can help fully understand these dynamics, especially in diverse populations and under varying health conditions.
Research on people on a vegan diet has shown that cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin are both helpful in addressing vitamin B12 deficiency.
According to the study, cyanocobalamin was more effective in maintaining healthy levels of serum vitamin B12 (called holotranscobalamin) than methylcobalamin.
There isn't a single "best" form of vitamin B12 for everyone. The two most common forms are cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin.
Choosing the proper form depends on factors like:
Regarding safety, there's no clear winner between cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin, the two most common forms of B12 supplements. Both are considered very safe for most people at recommended doses.
Cyanocobalamin contains a small amount of cyanide, but it is not considered to be harmful. Our body easily converts it into harmless compounds. Similarly, methylcobalamin hasn't shown any safety concerns at recommended intake levels.
Here are the two things that may be necessary for optimal safety:
Additionally, if you have any pre-existing health conditions, talk to your doctor before starting B12 supplements.
| Feature | Methylcobalamin | Cyanocobalamin |
| Type | Natural form, active in the body | Synthetic form, converted to active B12 |
| Source | Found in animal-based foods (meat, fish, eggs, dairy) | Synthetically produced, not naturally occurring |
| Cost | Generally more expensive | More stable and cost-effective |
| Absorption Rate | Approximately 44% of a 1-mcg dose absorbed | Approximately 49% of a 1-mcg dose absorbed |
| Retention | Better retained in the body | Higher excretion in urine, suggesting lower retention |
| Health Benefits | Effective for deficiency correction, neurological support, potential ALS treatment | Effective for deficiency correction, neurological support |
| Safety | Safe and naturally occurring | Contains minimal, safe levels of cyanide |
| Recommended For | People with absorption issues or specific medical conditions | Vegans and those seeking affordable options |
Vitamin B12 supplements are a good idea for people who struggle to get enough B12 from their diet. Here are some groups that might benefit:
Studies exploring daily methylcobalamin use in diabetic patients show promise. This natural form of B12 appears safe and may improve nerve pain (diabetic neuropathy) and heart health at doses of 500 mcg three times a day or 1,500 mcg daily.
The optimal B12 supplement (methylcobalamin or cyanocobalamin) depends on individual factors.
Absorption issues or certain medical conditions might favor methylcobalamin, the natural form.
Conversely, cyanocobalamin, the synthetic option, may be suitable for maintaining B12 levels in those with dietary restrictions.
Selecting the most appropriate form and dosage for individual needs requires considering overall health and dietary habits and consulting a healthcare professional.
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/methylcobalamin-vs-cyanocobalamin
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8311243
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/cyanocobalamin
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/vitamin-b12-foods
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5130103
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/b12-and-crohns
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3257642
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22377-pernicious-anemia
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/methylcobalamin
Empathy is the ability of an individual to identify the intentions, feelings, thoughts, and desires of another individual and respond to them. Hence, it is considered to be vital for prosocial behavior and social cognition.
Recent research has reported how certain genetic variants contribute to our ability to empathize, suggesting that empathy is not solely a product of upbringing or social environment, but also has a heritable component.
This exploration raises important questions about how our genetic predispositions shape our emotional responses and interpersonal relationships, paving the way for deeper insights into the nature of empathy itself.
A large study was conducted by researchers from The University of Cambridge with considerable support from 23andMe researchers. Around 46,000 23andMe customers who consented to the study, completed an online survey which was used to evaluate their Empathy Quotient (EQ).
Here are five key findings from the study about empathy genes and their impact on health and well-being:
You may have always felt this, innately identifying a family that may seem more empathetic.
Now, a scientific study could back you up.
This study identified certain genetic variants that could contribute to empathy.
While the study did not identify all the genes associated with empathy, the identified variants were found to contribute to 11% variability.
Before this study, empathy was considered to be a factor that was learned or taught by the social situation that a child grew up in.
Instead, this study showed that there was a genetic factor associated with empathy.
So, how will finding out about your empathy genes help? Read on to find out.
Among the 46,861 23andme participants who were included in the study, 24,543 were females, while 22,318 were males.
When male and female samples were analyzed separately, females were found to have higher EQ than males.
However, a sex-stratified analysis did not provide a genetic association, indicating that non-genetic factors played a role in this difference.
This study showed that a low EQ score was associated with an increased risk of autism.
Multiple studies support this and have shown that when self-reported empathy was low, there was an increased risk of autism (Baron-Cohen et al., 2004 and 2014).
This could be due to a struggle to identify the thoughts and feelings of other individuals rather than problems in responding.
The sex-specific analysis showed that there was a significant genetic association between EQ and autism among men, than among women.
The study found a significant genetic association between EQ and schizophrenia.
Previous scientific studies have also shown that a reduction in cognitive empathy but healthy or stronger affective empathy was associated with schizophrenia.
The study results suggest that genetic variants that were associated with self-reported empathy had a moderately increased risk of schizophrenia.
This 23andme study also showed that genetic variants for self-reported empathy were associated with a slight increase in the risk for anorexia nervosa.
An earlier study (Warrier et al., 2017) also showed a genetic association between cognitive empathy and anorexia nervosa.
Further, the current study showed that there was a significant genetic association between EQ in females and anorexia.
In <24 hours, you'll have the report(s) delivered to your email inbox!
Xcode Life's Traits and Personality Report is about self-empowerment through self-awareness.
For example, people with a higher genetic score for angry temperament can take measures to actively prevent angry outbursts, once they understand that this tendency is innate.
Most people are usually aware of their innate instincts.
However, a personality genetic report can reveal several such aspects that people are generally unaware.
Xcode Life's Trait and Personality Report provides information on extraversionness, intelligence, entrepreneurship potential, and more than 25 such traits. You can find out more about it here.
