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Imagine you're visiting a friend in a new city. They tell you, "My house is just a few blocks from Central Park." You may not know the exact address, but knowing Central Park's location makes your search much easier. Genetic markers are biological landmarks on the map of our DNA. Scientists know the precise location of these markers on our chromosomes. This knowledge allows them to explore the surrounding genetic neighborhoods to pinpoint specific genes associated with diseases, ancestry, or how our bodies interact with medications.
Genetic markers are specific DNA sequences with well-defined locations on chromosomes that assist in identifying variations within genes or entire genomes.
The genetic marker may constitute a gene portion or possess no known function.
The primary objective of genetic marker typing is determining which gene variations are present at specific locations on your DNA.
Some common examples of genetic markers include:
Let's go over them one by one.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are variations in a single nucleotide base at a specific location in the DNA sequence.
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) are variations in DNA fragment lengths caused by differences in restriction enzyme cut sites.
Variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) are repeating DNA sequences where the number of repeats varies among individuals.
Copy number variants (CNVs) refer to differences in the number of copies of a particular DNA segment found in different individuals.
Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are repeating DNA sequences that exhibit variable numbers of repeats among individuals.
However, these are not the only types of markers; various other forms of genetic markers exist, and scientists are constantly discovering newer types.
An RSID (Reference SNP-cluster IDentification) is a distinctive identifier designated for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the dbSNP database.
Moreover, they identify short nucleotide insertions, deletions, and short tandem repeats.
Researchers and databases employ RSIDs to monitor and analyze genetic variations.
RSIDs follow the format "rs##"—for example, rs429358 links to Alzheimer’s risk.
Genetic markers influence traits by altering gene function or regulation. It’s essential to understand that most traits are polygenic; this means they are affected by multiple genes and numerous genetic markers.
A single marker rarely dictates a trait.
The combination of markers inherited from both parents creates a unique genetic profile that contributes to a trait's overall expression.
This genetic influence extends across various aspects of life, from physical traits like hair and eye color to health predispositions and wellness traits.
Genetic markers also play a crucial role in ancestry tracing and paternity testing, helping us understand our roots and biological relationships.
Hair Color: A gene called MC1R produces pigments in the body that regulate our skin, hair, and eye color. Research has identified a variant in the gene named rs1805007 linked to a higher chance of developing red hair.
Lactose Intolerance: We're born with the ability to digest lactose but lose it with time due to a variation in the gene that produces lactase, which digests lactose. While the extent of it varies, the variant changes the genes, which leads to little or no lactase enzyme production.
Body weight: We humans share the same basic genetic makeup; however, gene variations can influence individual traits, including body weight. Specific gene variants can affect metabolism, appetite regulation, and how the body stores fat, predisposing some individuals to weight gain or obesity.
Physical Performance: Genetic factors also influence endurance and other athletic abilities. Specific gene variants may contribute to greater aerobic capacity, muscle efficiency, and recovery, potentially enhancing an individual's endurance levels.
Several gene variants have links to improved physical strength and performance, including ACTN3, PPARA, and AMPD1.
These variants influence muscle fiber composition, energy metabolism, and recovery efficiency.
Genetic testing helps assess disease risks and personalize healthcare, but markers only indicate susceptibility, not certainty. Environment and lifestyle also play a significant role in health outcomes.
Cancer: While lifestyle and environmental factors play a significant role, certain genetic markers can indicate a higher susceptibility to specific cancers. For instance, BRCA1 and BRCA2 markers signal a higher risk of developing breast cancer and ovarian cancer.
Drug Response: Our bodies process medications differently; genetic markers can reveal these variations. Specific gene variants can affect how effectively our bodies metabolize certain drugs, influencing their efficacy and potential side effects.
For example, variations in the CYP2C19 gene can alter how the body processes certain antidepressants, allowing healthcare providers to tailor prescriptions for optimal treatment outcomes.
Markers are key in tracing genetic lineage and verifying biological relationships.
Ancestry Tests: Genetic markers are used to trace ancestral origins and migration patterns. Specific markers can reveal a person's ethnic background and geographic origins, connecting them to populations around the world. For instance, a marker on chromosome 15 might link someone to Indigenous American heritage, providing a deeper understanding of their ancestral roots.
Paternity Tests: Genetic markers, specifically Short Tandem Repeats (STRs), are used in paternity tests to confirm biological relationships accurately. These markers are highly variable between individuals, making them ideal for identifying parent-child relationships.
For example, DYS391 on the Y chromosome helps confirm biological parentage with high accuracy, offering clarity in questions of lineage.
Genetic markers function as essential indicators of genetic variations and can offer valuable insights into an individual's health and disease risk; however, they possess limitations.
Three categories of DNA markers exist: autosomal, paternal, and maternal.
Autosomal markers: These unique DNA sequences, scattered across the genome and not sex-specific, assess overall ancestry.
Paternal (Y-DNA) markers: Located on the Y-chromosome, fathers pass these markers down to their sons. Y-DNA markers trace paternal lineages.
Maternal (mtDNA) markers: These DNA markers, located in the mitochondria, are inherited from the mother. Mitochondrial DNA markers trace maternal lineages.
Siblings share approximately 50% of their genetic markers (inherited randomly from their parents). However, this percentage can fluctuate due to various factors. Although the genetic contribution is significant, it is essential to remember that siblings are still distinct individuals. This uniqueness arises because of the random assortment of genes during reproduction.
Yes, offspring can inherit genetic markers from their parents via Mendelian inheritance.
That’s why families often share traits like height or diabetes risk.
Genetic markers play a crucial role in diagnosing numerous diseases or assessing the risk of their development.
Diagnostic Testing: A specific genetic marker can definitively confirm a diagnosis in certain cases. For example, a particular mutation in the CFTR gene confirms cystic fibrosis.
Risk Assessment: Genetic markers commonly assess disease risk. They can indicate an elevated risk for a disease but do not guarantee that an individual will develop the condition. Environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and other genes significantly influence disease development.
Some diseases for which genetic markers are used include:
What Are RSIDs?
Genetic Methylation Test In 2025: The Where, How, & Why
How Genes Influence Your Risk For Lactose Intolerance
https://humangenetics.medicine.uiowa.edu/resources/how-does-genetic-testing-work
https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Genetic-Marker
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/23065-dna-test--genetic-testing
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/testing/riskslimitations
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng.3716
As the scientific community continues to unlock the mysteries of the human body, more and more people are turning to DNA tests to learn about their health and ancestry. While the price of a DNA test can vary depending on the type of test and the company you choose, this guide will give you an idea of how much you can expect to pay for a DNA test.
The cost of DNA tests varies widely based on the type. Ancestry tests typically range from $59 to $119, with MyHeritage offering the cheapest option at around $36. Health and wellness assessments cost between $100 and $640, with Xcode Life providing reports starting at $30. Paternity tests range from $130 to $200 for at-home options and $300 to $500 for legal tests. Molecular genetic tests can vary from $100 to $2000 depending on complexity. Overall, prices reflect a broad spectrum depending on the specific test and provider.
Depending on the type and complexity, a DNA test price may vary between $99 to more than $2000.
In some cases, additional testing may be required, increasing the cost.
In some states, insurance covers a portion of certain types of genetic tests.
From the date of sample collection, the results may be ready within a few days to a few weeks.
The turnaround time is much quicker if the genetic test is crucial for timely diagnosis (such as prenatal tests).
Different types of genetic tests investigate different things and are priced accordingly.
Let’s have a look at some important types of genetic tests.
| Type of Test | Average Cost |
| Ancestry Test (direct-to-consumer) | $59-$119 |
| Health and Wellness Assessment (direct-to-consumer) | $100-$640 Xcode Life’s Special Price: starting from $30 |
| Paternity Test | At home: $130-$200 Legal: $300-$500 |
| Molecular Genetic Tests | $100-$2000 |
Genetic ancestry tests, also called genealogy tests, aim to analyze the shared genetic regions between individuals to establish their relationship.
Ancestry testing allows one to learn their ethnicity and information about their ancestors.
It is the cheapest DNA testing option with most companies and can range from as low as $59 to around $119.
*as of 02nd Feb 2025
Also Read: How To Login To AncestryDNA + Health Reports At 55% Off!
Genetic tests can now help healthcare professionals and other consumers understand the risk of developing a health condition.
This enables personalized preventive measures and optimal treatment.
Further, owing to the rising popularity of nutritional supplements, genetic companies are introducing lifestyle and wellness tests (such as nutrition or fitness genetic tests) to promote better health.
Most companies price these tests at $100 to $600.
Many companies also combine health and ancestry tests and price them around $200.
Did You Know? You can use your existing DNA data from ancestry genetic tests to get Xcode Life's reports within 24 hours!
DNA paternity tests are one of the most common types of DNA tests.
The individual and the alleged father get a genetic test, and a specialist compares the shared DNA regions between them to establish paternity.
At-home DNA paternity tests cost around $130-$200, and legal paternity tests can cost up to $500.
Molecular tests are mostly used for diagnostic purposes.
They look for abnormal changes in one or more genes
Molecular genetic tests employ DNA sequencing, a process that determines the order of the 4 letters (A, T, G, and C) in the human genetic code.
Costs vary depending on the type of test: single variant, targeted gene, gene panel, whole-exome, and whole-genome.
| Company | Average Test Cost** |
| Xcode Life (DNA kit not provided) | Single tests: $30-$50 Bundles: $110-$149 (850 traits) (Ongoing sale: $69 - $99) |
| 23andMe | $99-$999 |
| AncestryDNA | $99-$199 |
| MyHeritage DNA | $89 (sale price $36) |
| Family Tree DNA | $79 - $449 |
| Living DNA | $124-$225 (sale price $90-$169) + shipping |
| Genomelink | $39-$199 |
| SelfDecode | $318-$417 (with optional add-ons ranging from $49-$249) |
| CircleDNA | HK2,299-HK2,499 |
| Nebula Genomics | $249-$899 |
Some direct-to-consumer companies, like Sequencing, offer free services that allow you to upload your existing DNA data to get some basic information for free.
Many insurance plans cover most clinical genetic tests recommended by physicians. However, direct-to-consumer tests have poor insurance coverage, and only a few companies/insurance plans offer reimbursement.
Dog tests help the owners know the specific breeds to allow better care.
Despite the rising popularity of dog DNA testing, only a few companies offer quality services.
The tests can cost anywhere from $60 to $200, based on the knowledge you’re seeking and how deep you want the analysis to be.
Pregnancy DNA tests cost depending on the nature of the test.
The most common types of pregnancy tests include
The cost of a full DNA test, or a whole-genome sequencing test, can vary widely, ranging from $400 to over $1,000, depending on the depth of analysis and the provider.
Some research studies offer free DNA testing if you qualify as a participant, but free consumer testing options are rare and usually limited.
The results can also be too technical and difficult to interpret and understand.
Insurance may cover genetic testing if it is deemed medically necessary, such as for hereditary disease screening, but typically not for recreational or ancestry tests.
Genetic testing can be highly valuable for those seeking insights into health risks, ancestry, or personalized wellness.
Tests for specific hereditary conditions can help with early intervention and personalized health strategies.
However, it is important to understand the difference between clinical and consumer genetic testing.
If you are looking for a diagnosis or a confirmatory yes or no, clinical testing should be your choice.
If your goal is to optimize your health based on certain genetic tendencies, consumer genetic testing can be a very useful tool.
DNA testing has potential drawbacks, such as privacy concerns over data storage and sharing.
Unexpected results can also reveal sensitive information, such as unknown family relationships or health risks, which may be emotionally challenging.
Some tests can be costly, and insurance coverage is generally limited to medically necessary genetic tests, not personal interest or recreational tests.
Further, improper interpretation of results or following recommendations in the report without doctor consultation can harm your health.
Yes, direct-to-consumer companies allow individuals to order their own genetic tests for health, wellness, or ancestry without needing a doctor’s referral.
The pricing of DNA tests varies depending on the type, use, and the company offering the genetic test.
Basic ancestry tests cost around $99, while health and wellness ones can cost as much as $450.
Molecular diagnostic tests can cost anywhere from $100-$1000.
We often talk about being "well," but what does that mean? Do we just mean not being sick? Or is there something more to it than that? Many people mix up the ideas of "health" and "wellness," but they're different. Health is like your body's physical condition – are you disease-free? Wellness is a much bigger picture. It's about your overall well-being, including your physical health, mental and emotional health, social connections, and how you feel about your life. When we understand the little differences between health and wellness, we can make better choices that help us feel good in every way, not just physically. It gives us more control over how we live and how happy we are.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity."
This means that health is not simply the absence of illness.
Good health encompasses physical fitness, mental stability, and everyday societal interactions.
It is a holistic state that allows individuals to live a fulfilling life.
WHO defines wellness as "the optimal state of health for individuals and groups."
Wellness is the active pursuit of good health and a meaningful life.
It encompasses actions and behavior that help you reach your fullest potential.
The two elements of health are:
Wellness is an idea that focuses on a broad spectrum of different elements.
The 12 elements of wellness are:
The main difference between health and wellness is the active process of achieving health, which is the goal.
Health is your predisposition to developing certain diseases like type 1 diabetes, hypertension, or cardiovascular diseases.
Wellness is the daily choices you make, like eating a balanced and taking the time out for exercise.
While you cannot always choose health, you can actively pursue wellness.
Here is a comparison between health and wellness:
Well-being is a state of equilibrium or balance in life.
It can be affected by life changes, personal problems, family responsibilities, etc.
Some define well-being as prosperity, happiness, comfort, and good health.
However, these descriptions might not fully describe well-being.
Well-being is more of a personal description of how an individual feels.
Wellness is more intricately connected to your physical and mental health.
In general, wellness practices aim to achieve optimum health through mindful practices and choices in life.
On the other hand, well-being is more connected to your emotional state.
Someone can be extremely ill yet described to be content and happy.
Similarly, someone can be physically and mentally healthy yet not feel balance and fulfillment.
This is the difference between wellness and well-being.
We recommend the Genome Pack! Rated 4.7/5 By Users Like You
This report is not a diagnostic tool but a resource to help you better understand your genetic tendencies. Combined with advice from a healthcare professional and other diagnostic methods, it can guide more informed lifestyle and dietary choices. Xcode Life doesn't ship out DNA kits.
Poor health implies that you are physically unwell and experiencing symptoms associated with diseases.
On the other hand, poor wellness means you don't experience any diagnosable symptoms, yet you don't feel content.
This can be due to a poor diet, stress, lack of sleep, and not feeling supported and cared for.
Over time, poor wellness can eventually lead to poor health.
Health is more focused on physical and mental wellness.
It also indicates an absence of signs and symptoms of diseases.
Well-being is not just about being physically or mentally healthy but also experiencing a general satisfaction in life.
You can not be your best healthy self yet feel completely content and safe in life.
Health is a measurable metric, and well-being is a perception.
Although health and wellness are distinct from each other, both of them go hand in hand.
A foundation of good health is essential to achieve wellness, while wellness helps you become healthier.
For instance, not suffering from any digestive issues is health.
However, to maintain this, you must eat a balanced meal full of whole foods, fiber, fresh fruits, and vegetables, which is wellness.
Health care is all about getting treated for your symptoms.
It encompasses diagnosis, medication, surgery, and rehabilitation for a disease.
Wellness care implies focusing on healthy eating, exercise, and stress management.
The health triangle represents a balance between the three aspects of health:
Health and wellness are often used interchangeably.
But they have two distinct meanings.
While health is more about whether you are free from symptoms of certain diseases, wellness incorporates certain practices that keep you healthy.
Health is mainly concerned with the optimum state of your body and mind.
Wellness involves your career goals, social health, relationships, and overall attitude toward life.
Being mindful about your wellness can, in turn, help improve your health.
The 12 Dimensions Of Wellness
7 Best Biohacks For 2025 To Transform Your Health
How Genes and Hormones Interact to Influence Your Health
In the ongoing battle for better health, the question of what truly shapes our well-being remains one of the most fascinating: is it our genes, the blueprint of life, or the lifestyle choices we make every day? The answer lies somewhere in the dynamic intersection between nature and nurture, where genetic makeup forms the foundation, but our actions and habits shape the outcomes. Imagine being able to unlock the potential of your own genetic code, all while taking charge of your lifestyle to enhance your health. But how exactly do these elements work together, and what role does each play in our overall well-being? This exploration into the complex relationship between genes, lifestyle, and environment reveals how to strike the perfect balance for a healthier, longer life.
Genes influence not only your appearance but also how your body functions, responds to diseases, and processes medications.
Some genetic variations increase the risk of inherited conditions, while others affect immunity, metabolism, and treatment effectiveness.
Identifying genetic differences helps in early disease detection and prevention.
If a person carries a gene linked to a specific illness, they can take preventive steps or undergo early screenings.
Genetic insights can guide treatment choices and predict health outcomes in cases where symptoms are already present.
Advances in genetics continue to improve disease management, offering more precise and personalized medical care.
Your behavior patterns and habits can impact both your physiological and psychological health.
Below, we explore four lifestyle elements that affect well-being.
A poor diet, often full of processed foods and unhealthy fats, can lead to obesity, cardiovascular problems, and other metabolic disorders.
In urban settings, fast food is a common culprit that contributes to these health concerns.
A healthy diet, rich in nutrients, can prevent many health issues and promote long-term well-being.
Exercise plays a significant role in both physical and mental health.
Regular physical activity helps prevent diseases, supports weight management, and boosts mood.
An active lifestyle is also linked to greater happiness, reduced stress, and improved mental clarity, enhancing emotional stability.
Vices like smoking and alcohol consumption have serious health consequences, contributing to diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and respiratory issues.
They also affect mental health, leading to anxiety and depression.
Avoiding or reducing these habits is crucial for maintaining a healthy body and mind.
The misuse of medications, including self-treatment or taking drugs without a prescription, is a common issue.
When we take medications without proper guidance, it can lead to issues like drug resistance and adverse reactions.
Responsible medication use is necessary to avoid these risks and to maintain overall health.
The condition of the environment dramatically influences overall health.
Air quality, water safety, and pollutant exposure can cause conditions like asthma, heart disease, and infections.
Contaminated water can result in waterborne diseases, and polluted air can cause respiratory problems.
Living near hazardous sites like factories or waste dumps increases the risk of long-term health issues, such as cancer.
Certain groups, including low-income communities, people of color, children, pregnant women, and older adults, are more vulnerable to these risks.
These groups are often exposed to more environmental hazards due to location and limited resources.
Climate change worsens these risks by increasing extreme weather events, rising temperatures, and poor air and water quality.
These changes can lead to heat stress, storm-related injuries, and the spread of diseases through contaminated water.
We recommend the Genome Pack! Rated 4.7/5 By Users Like You
This report is not a diagnostic tool but a resource to help you better understand your genetic tendencies. Combined with advice from a healthcare professional and other diagnostic methods, it can guide more informed lifestyle and dietary choices. Xcode Life doesn't ship out DNA kits.
The interplay of genes, lifestyle, and the environment forms a complex network of influences on our health.
Genetics provides the foundation for determining our susceptibility to certain conditions.
Lifestyle factors, such as physical activity, eating habits, and mental health, significantly influence how these genetic traits are expressed.
Furthermore, our living environment, including air quality and available resources, shapes our health outcomes.
These three factors interact constantly, creating a dynamic influence on our overall well-being.
Identifying one factor as the most important is challenging, but lifestyle choices often substantially influence health outcomes.
While genetics set the foundation, adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce risks, even for those with genetic predispositions.
Thus, lifestyle often serves as a key modulator in managing genetic and environmental influences on health.
Even if you're genetically predisposed, lifestyle changes can significantly offset those genetic influences.
A study published in the American Heart Association reveals that individuals with a high genetic risk for heart disease can lower their chances of developing it.
According to the survey, this can be achieved by adopting seven key lifestyle habits:
The study showed that white adults who adhered to these healthy habits gained up to 20 years of heart disease-free life.
The benefit was smaller for Black adults, with a 4.5-year increase in disease-free living, but it still demonstrates the positive impact of lifestyle changes.
This difference emphasizes that we need more genetic research in diverse populations to grasp the complicated relationship between lifestyle and genetics.
Ultimately, this research shows that while genetics play a role, lifestyle choices have a powerful influence on heart health and can significantly offset genetic risks.
Aging is influenced by both genetics and lifestyle, with their roles shifting at different stages of life.
Lifestyle factors, such as eating well, avoiding tobacco, staying active, and managing stress, play a dominant role in health and longevity during the early decades of life.
These healthy habits significantly reduce the risk of chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer, enabling many individuals to reach a healthy old age.
Genetics becomes increasingly significant as individuals age into their eighties and beyond.
Research suggests about 25% of the variation in human lifespan is attributed to genetics, though the specific genes involved remain under study.
Specific genes like APOE, FOXO3, and CETP are linked to longer lifespans, while some variants aid DNA repair and immune health.
While lifestyle choices can promote healthy aging, genetics plays a key role in sustaining health in later life.
Longevity is strongly associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, often measured by VO2 max (maximal oxygen consumption).
This metric reflects the body's efficient oxygen delivery and utilization by the heart, lungs, and skeletal muscles.
Regular physical activity enhances the function of these organs, improving overall health and reducing the risk of diseases that can shorten life.
While exercise cannot change the genetically fixed lifespan, it can improve fitness and quality of life, leading to a more extended, healthier existence.
Obesity is closely linked to both genetic and environmental factors, and recent research in epigenetics has shown how the environment can affect gene expression.
There are different genetic causes of obesity, such as:
Epigenetics helps us understand how environmental factors can change gene expression without altering the DNA.
Factors like poor nutrition, exposure to toxins, stress, and diet can lead to these changes, increasing the risk of obesity.
For example, poor nutrition or toxin exposure during pregnancy can affect the fetus (unborn baby), making it more likely to develop obesity later in life.
Additionally, unhealthy behaviors like a poor diet and lack of exercise can cause epigenetic changes in adults.
Studies like epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) help scientists identify genetic and epigenetic factors linked to obesity.
These studies show that mutations in genes related to hunger and fat storage, along with epigenetic changes, play a significant role in obesity.
No, there isn't a single "addiction gene."
Addiction develops through a mix of genetic influences and environmental conditions.
Each person inherits a unique set of genetic variations, which means different individuals can have different genetic risks for substance use disorder (SUD).
Studies suggest that genetics account for 40-60% of a person's susceptibility to addiction.
Many genes linked to addiction have been identified through research on both human and animal models.
Rather than a single genetic cause, addiction risk arises from the interaction of many genes that affect brain function, reward pathways, and response to substances.
Read our detailed article on the genetics of addition below.
https://www.cdc.gov/genomics-and-health/about/index.html
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4703222
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28916933
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/traits/longevity
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2726954
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29293447
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK573068
https://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/addiction/genes
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a group of conditions that affect the gastrointestinal tract - namely, the stomach and intestines.
It is characterized by symptoms like excess bloating and gas, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal cramps.
Suma Magge, MD, a gastroenterologist at Norwalk Hospital, says that IBS can be subdivided into diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel versus constipation-predominant irritable bowel or even a mixed picture.
Scientists still don’t know exactly what causes IBS.
Food intolerances, stress, certain medications, genetic predispositions, and even gut bacteria imbalances are all possible culprits.
There’s also a growing consensus that nerve endings in the gut may be extra sensitive in people with IBS.
Wearable devices track various physiological metrics that can indicate changes in health status.
Four in particular caught the Mount Sinai team’s attention:
Taken together, these measurements can offer a window into your overall inflammation status.
Subtle changes in any of these metrics, even weeks before you feel any discomfort, might suggest that your body is heading toward a flare.
Mount Sinai researchers conducted this study on 309 participants across 36 states, all of whom had either ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease.
The participants were made to wear an Apple Watch, Fitbit, or Oura Ring and answer daily symptom surveys.
They also provided periodical blood and stool samples for assessment.
The wearable devices collected information on HR, HRV, SpO2, and activity levels.
The study was conducted from December 2021 until June 2023.
Up to seven weeks before people showed any indication of a flare — whether an inflammatory marker in blood tests or actual GI symptoms — these four wearable measurements had already started drifting from their baseline values.
| Phase | Heart Rate | Resting Heart Rate | Daily Steps |
| Inflammatory flares | Higher | Higher | Lower |
| Normal periods | Normal baseline value | Normal baseline value | Normal activity |
IBS often goes undiagnosed for an estimated 75% of cases.
And even if you do know you have it, there hasn’t been a great way to anticipate a flare.
Typically, you just start feeling abdominal discomfort right before the flare hits, leaving little to no time to intervene.
Early warning signals from wearables could change that.
If you know a flare is likely in a week or two, you (and your care team) might adjust your diet or medication before symptoms actually strike.
Dr. Hirten told Medical News Today that this method could potentially be applied to other chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. He also added that their goal is to develop AI-powered algorithms that crunch your wearable data in real-time to warn you — and your doctor — that trouble’s brewing.
We recommend the Genome Pack! Rated 4.7/5 By Users Like You
This report is not a diagnostic tool but a resource to help you better understand your genetic tendencies. Combined with advice from a healthcare professional and other diagnostic methods, it can guide more informed lifestyle and dietary choices. Xcode Life doesn't ship out DNA kits.
“Everyone’s IBS triggers are as unique as a fingerprint,” explains Christine Lee, MD, a gastroenterologist at the Cleveland Clinic.
Maybe it’s stress, a missed night of sleep, a new medication, or one of countless possible diet tweaks.
Start a simple journal (or use a symptom-tracking app) to note what you eat, how you feel, and any stressors or schedule changes. Patterns often emerge faster than you think.
Beyond triggers, experts also emphasize a few key lifestyle tips:
Exercise is considered the best medicine for IBS management because regular movement improves circulation, supports digestive function, and helps reduce stress.
Dr. Magge says, “If you don’t have enough sleep, the effects of that could accentuate the symptoms of IBS.”
Maintaining a regular bedtime, avoiding late-night screen time, and making your bedroom as comfortable as possible can help calm an irritable bowel.
Staying hydrated throughout the day promotes normal bowel function.
Inadequate water intake can lead to constipation and other digestive issues, so make sure you’re drinking enough fluids.
While some people can sip coffee without a problem, others find that caffeine aggravates their symptoms.
Track how you feel after consuming caffeinated beverages. If you notice a pattern of discomfort, consider reducing or eliminating caffeine.
Dr. Bedford recommends eating plans along the lines of the Mediterranean diet as a good choice for people with IBS.
Dr. Magge suggests the low FODMAP diet—fermentable, oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols—that can help reduce bloating, gas, and diarrhea.
Note: For those with IBS, any changes to their diet should be done only under the guidance of a healthcare professional.
While your smartwatch can’t diagnose you or cure you, it might soon be able to offer a heads-up before your gut decides to revolt. That could be the difference between catching a flare early — with small, strategic lifestyle or medication tweaks — and dealing with a full-blown, day-ruining attack.
As technology advances, combining wearable data with tried-and-true IBS management strategies may give you a proactive edge. In the meantime, keep listening to your body, stay on top of stress, and team up with your healthcare professionals to get ahead of (and maybe even outsmart) those IBS flare-ups.
https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(25)00013-7/abstract
The popularity of at-home testing services and telehealth has grown massively since the COVID-19 pandemic. This year, it could grow to a $2 billion industry. EverlyWell is a company offering at-home testing for several conditions and disorders. While these tests are undoubtedly convenient, are they accurate? This article explores EverlyWell reviews, their tests, and their accuracy.
EverlyWell provides at-home testing for several conditions.
They have a range of tests to choose from.
Samples need to be self-collected and sent over by customers to their labs, which will test the samples.
While many have found their tests helpful, some have found them inaccurate.
EverlyWell is an Austin, Texas-based company that offers at-home testing.
The company was founded in 2015.
They offer more than 30 types of tests, including tests for:
Customers must take the samples and send them using prepaid expedited packaging.
The company delivers the results quickly through an online app.
You can also purchase EverlyWell test kits from Amazon, Walmart, and CVS.
EverlyWell tests are great for those who:
EverlyWell tests samples their customers provide through test kits mailed to laboratories.
These samples could be saliva, blood, etc.
The laboratory retrieves the results and provides them to the customers.
EverlyWell also offers free doctor consultations to help evaluate the test results and provide diagnoses if required.
The EverlyWell Food Sensitivity Test is a blood test that measures the body's immunoglobulin G (IgG) response to 98 different food items.
They have another comprehensive test that compares your sample against 204 items.
This test helps you identify food items that can cause an allergic reaction in your body.
However, the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAI) has stated that IgG levels alone do not equal an allergy.
You can have IgG in your blood due to exposure to certain foods.
EverlyWells's Women's Health Test is a comprehensive test that evaluates hormones and biomarkers covered by the Women's Fertility Test, Postmenopause Test, and Perimenopause Test.
The hormones and biomarkers tested include:
This test requires blood and saliva samples, which you should provide at different times of your menstrual cycle.
You will receive two blood collection cards and four saliva collection tubes with this test kit.
The EverlyWell Men's Health test examines four hormones using saliva.
It tests for Testosterone, Cortisol, DHEA, and Estradiol.
These hormones are associated with sex drive, muscle mass, weight balance, and energy levels in men.
Also, measuring their levels can indicate a problem with the glands that secrete them.
EverlyWell also has a testerorone test for men that measures the total testosterone levels in the body.
It requires a blood sample.
EverlyWell's STD test bundles test for six STIs:
For men, a blood and urine sample is required, while for women, a blood sample and vaginal swab is collected.
If you test positive for any of the STDs, a physician will contact you for free consultation and further treatment.
EverlyWell's Metabolism Test detects the levels of three hormones in your body: cortisol, free testosterone, and thyroid-stimulating hormone.
However, this test cannot determine the cause of the abnormal levels.
That's why it's best to consult your doctor about the results if you have an abnormally high level of any of these hormones.
This test is priced at $99.
EverlyWell's thyroid test analyzes three thyroid hormones: thyroid stimulating hormones T3 and T4 and thyroid peroxidase antibodies.
This test requires a blood sample and costs $149.
Hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can cause fatigue, dry skin, brittle nails, hair loss, and weight loss or gain.
Some conditions, like Hashimoto's disease, don't cause noticeable symptoms.
You can only learn about the condition by the presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies in your blood.
EverlyWell also has tests to check cholesterol and lipid profiles, colon cancer screening tests, indoor and outdoor allergy tests, and heart health tests.
Getting started with EverlyWell is straightforward.
When reviewing EverlyWell's reports, it's important to consider:
EverlyWell tests cost $15 to $299, and membership is available for $24.99 monthly.
This membership, named Control, allows customers to get one free test and a 20% discount on every subsequent test.
Here's a more detailed overview of EverlyWell's test price range:
Pros of EverlyWell:
Cons of EverlyWell:
EverlyWell has an average rating of 2 out of 5 on Trustpilot.
Customers complain that the test results are sometimes inaccurate.
They also point out that the test results aren’t clinically valid until a doctor has ratified them and made a diagnosis.
Users on Reddit aren’t very convinced of EverlyWell’s tests.
Most said the results were vague and didn't reveal anything useful.
One user even claims that samples collected at home rarely provide accurate results.
EverlyWell keeps the DNA samples of customers who take their DNA tests.
Unless you explicitly request them to destroy your data, the company will indefinitely keep your data.
The company claims that they will never sell their customer's data.
EverlyWell uses bank-grade encryption to safeguard its customer's data.
They also don't host any data or servers themselves.
They use a HIPAA-compliant platform named ClearData to do this.
EverlyWell is a CLIA-certified company.
This certification means their laboratories regularly undergo inspections, and all testing is done under strict regulations.
Their tests can provide you with an overview of your health in an easy, convenient way.
However, their tests are by no means a replacement for doctor consultations.
If you test positive on any of EverlyWell's tests, a qualified physician will contact you at no extra cost to discuss your symptoms and further treatment options.
New York has stringent laws when it comes to at-home testing.
In addition to a complex billing system, NY has a law requiring the state health department to validate and approve every biomarker tested.
This process usually takes around 12-18 months, preventing at-home testing companies like EverlyWell from operating in NY.
Here are two alternatives to EverlyWell:
Viome Microbiome Analysis: An Honest Expert Review
10X Health System Reviews: Detailed Overview, Cost, Pros & Cons
Genetic Lifehacks Review: What You Should Know Before Buying
