Gene: PLG

Alternate names for this Gene: -

Gene Summary: The plasminogen protein encoded by this gene is a serine protease that circulates in blood plasma as an inactive zymogen and is converted to the active protease, plasmin, by several plasminogen activators such as tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), kallikrein, and factor XII (Hageman factor). The conversion of plasminogen to plasmin involves the cleavage of the peptide bond between Arg-561 and Val-562. Plasmin cleavage also releases the angiostatin protein which inhibits angiogenesis. Plasmin degrades many blood plasma proteins, including fibrin-containing blood clots. As a serine protease, plasmin cleaves many products in addition to fibrin such as fibronectin, thrombospondin, laminin, and von Willebrand factor. Plasmin is inactivated by proteins such as alpha-2-macroglobulin and alpha-2-antiplasmin in addition to inhibitors of the various plasminogen activators. Plasminogen also interacts with plasminogen receptors which results in the retention of plasmin on cell surfaces and in plasmin-induced cell signaling. The localization of plasminogen on cell surfaces plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrices, cell migration, inflamation, wound healing, oncogenesis, metastasis, myogenesis, muscle regeneration, neurite outgrowth, and fibrinolysis. This protein may also play a role in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which, in part, is caused by enhanced clot formation and the suppression of fibrinolysis. Compared to other mammals, the cluster of plasminogen-like genes to which this gene belongs has been rearranged in catarrhine primates.

Gene is located in Chromosome: 6

Location in Chromosome : 6q26

Description of this Gene: plasminogen

Type of Gene: protein-coding

rs4252129 in PLG gene and Blood Protein Measurement PMID 29875488 2018 Genomic atlas of the human plasma proteome.

rs4252120 in PLG gene and Coronary Artery Disease PMID 23202125 2013 Large-scale association analysis identifies new risk loci for coronary artery disease.

PMID 26343387 2015 A comprehensive 1,000 Genomes-based genome-wide association meta-analysis of coronary artery disease.

rs12529361 in PLG gene and Lipoprotein (a) measurement PMID 28512139 2017 A genome-wide association meta-analysis on lipoprotein (a) concentrations adjusted for apolipoprotein (a) isoforms.

rs121918027 in PLG gene and Plasminogen Deficiency, Type I PMID 10233898 1999 Compound-heterozygous mutations in the plasminogen gene predispose to the development of ligneous conjunctivitis.

PMID 9242524 1997 Homozygous mutations in the plasminogen gene of two unrelated girls with ligneous conjunctivitis.

PMID 1986355 1991 Two types of abnormal genes for plasminogen in families with a predisposition for thrombosis.

PMID 9858247 1998 Plasminogen Kanagawa-I, a novel missense mutation, is caused by the amino acid substitution G732R.

PMID 6238949 1984 Plasminogens Tochigi II and Nagoya: two additional molecular defects with Ala-600----Thr replacement found in plasmin light chain variants.

PMID 6216475 1982 Plasminogen Tochigi: inactive plasmin resulting from replacement of alanine-600 by threonine in the active site.

PMID 8392398 1993 Congenital plasminogen deficiency caused by a Ser572 to Pro mutation.

PMID 1427790 1992 Plasminogen with type-I mutation is polymorphic in the Japanese population.

PMID 31064749 2019 Diagnostic high-throughput sequencing of 2396 patients with bleeding, thrombotic, and platelet disorders.

rs4252134 in PLG gene and Temporal Arteritis PMID 28041642 2017 A Genome-wide Association Study Identifies Risk Alleles in Plasminogen and P4HA2 Associated with Giant Cell Arteritis.

rs3900809 in PLG gene and Velopharyngeal dysfunction PMID 29855589 2018 GWAS reveals loci associated with velopharyngeal dysfunction.