PMID 17921179 2007 Recessive Twinkle mutations in early onset encephalopathy with mtDNA depletion.
PMID 19853444 2009 Novel Twinkle gene mutation in autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia and multisystem failure.
PMID 22353293 2012 A novel homozygous missense mutation c.1366C>G (L456V) in C10orf2 (the Twinkle gene) was identified, confirming infantile onset spinocerebellar ataxia in the probands.