PMID 26619011 2016 Identifying recurrent mutations in cancer reveals widespread lineage diversity and mutational specificity.
PMID 21305640 2011 Frequency of KRAS, BRAF, and NRAS mutations in colorectal cancer.
PMID 17699718 2007 AZD6244 (ARRY-142886), a potent inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1/2 kinases: mechanism of action in vivo, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship, and potential for combination in preclinical models.
PMID 21729679 2011 Development of molecular biomarkers in individualized treatment of colorectal cancer.
PMID 20619739 2010 Effects of KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, and PIK3CA mutations on the efficacy of cetuximab plus chemotherapy in chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective consortium analysis.
PMID 16273091 2006 BRAF mutation predicts sensitivity to MEK inhibition.
PMID 2278970 1990 RAS gene mutations in childhood acute myeloid leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group study.
PMID 22407852 2012 RAS mutations are frequent in FAB type M4 and M5 of acute myeloid leukemia, and related to late relapse: a study of the Japanese Childhood AML Cooperative Study Group.
PMID 22773810 2012 Lung cancers with acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors occasionally harbor BRAF gene mutations but lack mutations in KRAS, NRAS, or MEK1.
PMID 19880792 2010 Cytostatic activity of adenosine triphosphate-competitive kinase inhibitors in BRAF mutant thyroid carcinoma cells.
PMID 23515407 2013 Characteristics of lung cancers harboring NRAS mutations.
PMID 20130576 2010 RAF inhibitors prime wild-type RAF to activate the MAPK pathway and enhance growth.
PMID 2674680 1989 N-ras mutations in human cutaneous melanoma from sun-exposed body sites.
PMID 25157968 2014 Prospective enterprise-level molecular genotyping of a cohort of cancer patients.
PMID 8120410 1994 Ras mutations in human melanoma: a marker of malignant progression.
PMID 23614898 2013 Discovery of a novel ERK inhibitor with activity in models of acquired resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
PMID 20149136 2010 Furthermore, PLX4032 increased the rate of proliferation of growth factor-dependent NRAS Q61L mutant primary melanoma cells, reduced cell adherence and increased mobility of cells from advanced lesions.
PMID 23569304 2013 Pharmacodynamic effects and mechanisms of resistance to vemurafenib in patients with metastatic melanoma.
PMID 18390968 2008 Phase I pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of the oral, small-molecule mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) in patients with advanced cancers.
PMID 23538902 2013 Inhibition of Wee1, AKT, and CDK4 underlies the efficacy of the HSP90 inhibitor XL888 in an in vivo model of NRAS-mutant melanoma.
PMID 20406486 2010 Differential sensitivity of melanoma cell lines with BRAFV600E mutation to the specific Raf inhibitor PLX4032.
PMID 23414587 2013 MEK162 for patients with advanced melanoma harbouring NRAS or Val600 BRAF mutations: a non-randomised, open-label phase 2 study.
PMID 20179705 2010 RAF inhibitors transactivate RAF dimers and ERK signalling in cells with wild-type BRAF.
PMID 22761467 2012 First-in-human, phase I dose-escalation study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of RO5126766, a first-in-class dual MEK/RAF inhibitor in patients with solid tumors.
PMID 21576590 2011 NRAS-mutant melanoma: response to chemotherapy.
PMID 21107323 2010 Melanomas acquire resistance to B-RAF(V600E) inhibition by RTK or N-RAS upregulation.